272 results
Oxygen Delivery by Device

Nasal Cannula 
• Indicated for low-flow, low-percentage supplemental oxygen. 
• Flow rate of
Indicated for low-flow ... , low-percentage ... high percentage FiO ... retention of exhaled gases ... • Uses either
Hypotension - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Hypotension is commonly due to unnecessarily deep anaesthesia, the autonomic
hypovolaemia or combined causes ... Increase fresh gas flow ... check measured FiO2 ... o Endocrine cause ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Mask Oxygen Delivery Devices

Simple Mask aka Hudson's Mask:
 • Flow 6-10 LPM
 • FiO2 35-50%
Face Tent:
6-10 LPM • FiO2 ... A venturi mask uses ... provide a different FiO2 ... LPM • FiO2 60- ... maintain a higher FiO2
Intraoperative Hypertension - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Hypertension is most commonly due to inappropriate depth of
Check fresh gas flow ... check measured FiO2 ... hypercarbia as causes ... syndrome) • Medical causes ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Increased Airway Pressure - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Using these steps from start to end should
in Anaesthesia ... Increase fresh gas flow ... check measured FiO2 ... POTENTIAL CAUSES ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
demands Hypoxemia - low ... type of hypoxia) PIO2 ... SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... CaO2 → Low SvO2 ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
in Anaesthesia ... maintained fever CAUSES ... Phaeochromocytoma Neurologic ... #Differential #Causes ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Intraoperative Massive Blood Loss - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Expected or unexpected major haemorrhage

❶ Call for
Guidelines for Crises ... time. ❷ Increase FiO2 ... • Communicate how ... • Communicate how ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Cardiac Arrest - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

The probable cause is one or more of: something
The probable cause ... and treat the cause ... Increase fresh gas flow ... check measured FiO2 ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
in Anaesthesia ... or iatrogenic causes ... • Low tidal ... volume, low/no PEEP ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia