49 results
Characteristic clinical manifestations of Down syndrome 
 
Typical craniofacial appearance 
 • Round face and flat
manifestations of Down syndrome ... • Brushfield spots ... incurved fifth finger ... #Downs #Syndrome ... #PhysicalExam #
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
retina and flame ... lesions in the inner ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... ophthalmology #diagnosis
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Exudates • Nerve fiber ... -> Cotton-wool spots ... nerve layer -> Flame ... of VEGF causing fine ... ophthalmology #diagnosis
Distal Radius Fracture 
Distal radius fracture is the most common orthopedic injury. Here's a quick summary.
•
carpal tunnel syndrome ... injury) • ED Management ... reduction using finger ... Radiology #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Management #Orthopedics
CPAP Troubleshooting Tips
1. Wrong size/style mask → try a different mask, nasal pillows
2. Trouble getting used
it → wear for short ... Difficulty tolerating forced ... irritation, pressure sores ... noise → check air filter ... Troubleshooting #Tips #management
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
, C8 (radial) Finger ... hand" ± Horner Syndrome ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... • Weakness: Starts ... death Miller Fisher ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... #diagnosis #management
Nail Pathologies - Findings in or Near Nails

Paronychia 

A superficial infection of the proximal and lateral
nonuniform white spots ... Spots in the pattern ... seen in Reiter's syndrome ... Abnormal #Pathology #Diagnosis ... Clinical #Signs #PhysicalExam
Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)
APS is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by recurring blood clots resulting from antibodies
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ... from antibodies formed ... Antiphospholipid #Syndrome ... #APS #diagnosis ... #management #anticoagulation
Mechanisms of Pain
Mixed - Nociceptive/Neuropathic
Nociceptive - Tissue Damage
 - Visceral - (From organ/cavity lining) Poorly localized,
Well-localized, sharp, short ... well-localized, dull, longer ... regional pain syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis