37 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
by flow-volume loops ... a normal loop is ... #Diagnosis #PFTs ... #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Loops #Patterns
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... Neuromuscular Weakness #Diagnosis ... PFTs #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Loops #Patterns
Pulmonary Function Testing: Flow Volume Loop Patterns
 • Variable extra-thoracic obstruction - truncated or flattened inspiratory
Testing: Flow Volume Loop ... nickmmark #FlowVolume ... #Loops #pulmonary ... PFTs #patterns #diagnosis
Pharmacology of diuretics

Acetazolamide, Loop diuretics, Thiazide‐like diuretics, MRA, Amiloride

Site of Action, Maximum Dose, Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability,
Acetazolamide, Loop ... #Pharmacology #Comparison ... #Table #HalfLife ... #Dosing #Loop #
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Thiazide Type - Loop ... #pharmacology #comparison ... #table
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm GI LOSS ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... #Algorithm
Cardiac Event Monitors
 • Holter Monitor - Records every heart beat for 24-48 hours
 • Loop/Event
24-48 hours • Loop ... • Implantable Loop ... telemetry #devices #comparison ... #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Remote Diuretics - Loop ... Recent Diuretics - Loop ... metabolic #alkalosis #algorithm ... #diagnosis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... per day until stable ... Loop diuretics for ... #Differential #Diagnosis