10 results
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... • Asthma • COPD ... Bronchiectasis Pleural Abnormalities ... Chest Wall Abnormalities ... Chronic #Dyspnea #SOB
Causes of Acute Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiovascular
 • Myocardial Infarction*
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • CHF
Pleural
Causes of Acute ... • Asthma* • AECOPD ... Acute #Dyspnea #SOB ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... Disease (Asthma, COPD ... Weakness • Pleural Abnormalities ... • Chest Wall Abnormalities ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Cardiovascular Causes ... Tamponade Pulmonary Causes ... - Asthma - COPD ... syndrome Other Causes ... Pain #dyspnea #sob
Pulse Abnormalities - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unequal/DeIayed:
 • Obstructive arterial disease (ie. Atherosclerosis)
 • Aortic dissection
 •
Pulse Abnormalities ... tamponade • AECOPD ... hypoglycemia) #Pulse #Abnormalities ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
Abnormalities in ... has a number of causes ... Causes include ... bronchitis, and COPD ... Patterns #Pulmonary #Abnormalities
WOBBLER  for ECG assessment in Syncope 
W - Wolff Parkinson White 
O - Obstructed AV
abnormality So ... important and rare abnormalities ... syncope, can be caused ... characteristically cause ... with other T wave abnormalities
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
CLINICAL
 • Nephritic syndrome (Casts)
 • Marked proteinuria (may be
Nephritic syndrome (Casts ... • Spectrum of abnormalities ... starry sky" • Sub-epithelial ... humps • Sub-endothelial
Hypophosphatemia and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology

↓ Phosphate leads to ↓ red cell 2,3-DPG and a  reduction
producing 2,3-DPG so ... Phosphate is a cause ... phosphorus is seen in COPD ... patients with COPD
Once you know how the normal hilar structures look like on a lateral view, it is
easier to detect abnormalities ... In this case on ... So we can conclude