24 results
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Loops - Common Patterns ... Normal B. ... Restrictive Parenchymal Lung ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
Patterns of pulmonary ... comparison, a normal ... Diagnosis #PFTs #Spirometry ... #FlowVolume #Loops ... #Patterns #Comparison
First-line therapies for Asthma, Asthma-COPD Overlap and COPD

The diagnosis of COPD, asthma, and ACO initially requires
of the type and pattern ... symptoms, and spirometry ... corticosteroids; LABA = long-acting ... agonist; LAMA = long-acting ... Diagnosis #Management #ACOPD
Asthma vs COPD Presentation and Diagnosis
Asthma:
 • Epidemiology: Age usually < 45, History (personal or family)
Findings: Variably abnormal ... spirometry - FEV1 ... bronchodilator, Spirometry ... : Persistently abnormal ... spirometry - FEV1
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) - Interpretation Algorithm
 • Normal
 • Pulmonary Hypertension, Anemia, Carboxyhemoglobinemia
 • Chest
Algorithm • Normal ... • Interstitial Lung ... Non-Emphysematous COPD ... Emphysematous COPD
Asthma
Chronic lung disease characterized by airway inflammation, airway and variable expiratory air flow obstruction
There are 2
Asthma Chronic lung ... lower limit of normal ... Reversibility on spirometry
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS correlation in normal lung, pulmonary congestion, rheumatoid lung disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Notes: (A)
correlation in normal ... lung, pulmonary ... Notes: (A) Normal ... artifacts from normal ... artifact); (G) UIP pattern
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
Specific capnograph patterns ... Downsloping phase III: copd ... airway obstruction, copd ... intubation, single lung ... interpretation #waveforms #patterns
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
including restrictive lung ... may show this pattern ... Breathing In lung ... bronchitis, and COPD ... Abnormalities #Abnormal
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
and Associated Lung ... barcode sign - Lung ... bilateral B-lines - Normal ... unilateral B-lines - Normal ... lung sliding COPD