6 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
by flow-volume loops ... comparison, a normal ... #Diagnosis #PFTs ... #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Comparison #Normal
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... Normal B. ... #Diagnosis #PFTs ... #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Loops #Patterns
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
loss if renal function ... is normal NEPHKIDS ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Remote use of loop ... alkalosis - Normal ... mineralocorticoid-like effect) • Normal ... salicylate poisoning • Normal ... #causes #urinary
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Remote use of loop ... alkalosis • Normal ... mineralocorticoid-like effect Normal ... salicylate poisoning Normal ... In a normal gap