13 results
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
dysfunction revealed by flow-volume ... comparison, a normal ... #Diagnosis #PFTs ... #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Comparison #Normal
Flow Volume Loops - Common Patterns
A. Normal
B. Emphysema
C. Unilateral Main Stem Bronchial Obstruction
D. Fixed Upper Airway
Flow Volume Loops ... Normal B. ... #Diagnosis #PFTs ... #Spirometry #FlowVolume ... #Loops #Patterns
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Normal Blood Smear ... Target Cells, Normal ... WBCs - Normal ... Deficiency - Abnormal
Approach to Thyroid Function Tests in the Evaluation of Hyperthyroidism
 • Low TSH, Low normal T4
Approach to Thyroid Function ... TSH, Low normal ... • Low TSH, normal ... Scan • High or normal ... Hyperthyroidism #algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Remote use of loop ... alkalosis - Normal ... /low blood pressure ... mineralocorticoid-like effect) • Normal ... salicylate poisoning • Normal
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
loss if renal function ... is normal NEPHKIDS ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... nephrology #magnesium #low
Causes of Secondary Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Absence of menses for more than 3 cycles or
Causes of Secondary ... menstruating Ovarian - Normal ... progesterone challenge, normal ... FSH, Low estrogen ... : • Functional
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm ... unclear (often the case ... this indicates normal ... adrenal function ... primary AI - Low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Remote use of loop ... alkalosis • Normal ... mineralocorticoid-like effect Normal ... salicylate poisoning Normal ... In a normal gap