22 results
Step by step approach for diagnosis of pleural effusion by Lung Ultrasound

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-018-1062-x

#Diagnosis #POCUS #Lung #Pleural #Effusion
of pleural effusion ... by Lung Ultrasound ... #POCUS #Lung #Pleural ... #Steps #Algorithm ... #Signs #Curtain
Pleural effusion is not always visible as a meniscus in the costophrenic angle. 
A subpulmonic effusion
Pleural effusion ... a patient with signs ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR ... #CHF #Pleural # ... SubpulmonicEffusion #RadiologyAssistant
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Pericardial ... • Effusion ... EffusionsPleural ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF
Septic emboli
Septic emboli usually present as multiple ill-defined nodules.
In about 50% cavitation is seen.
CT demonstrates more
can suggest the diagnosis ... lesions abutting the pleura ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR ... #CTChest #Septic ... SepticEmboli #Cavity #RadiologyAssistant
Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red Flags:
 • Fever, night sweats, chills (infection)
 • Weight loss,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Red ... disease or CHF) ... lymadenopathy, clubbing, chest ... ) • Abnormal CXR
Pleural effusion is bilateral in 70% of cases of CHF.
When unilateral, it is slightly more often
Pleural effusion ... If pleural effusion ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR ... #CHF #Pleural # ... #RadiologyAssistant
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
pain, pleural effusion ... on CXR • RA inflammation ... cause interstitial lung ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Ventilation ... • Interstitial lung ... Neuromascular Weakness • Pleural ... Abnormalities • Chest
Split Pleura Sign on Chest CT
 • Contrast enhancement of the parietal and visceral pleura, separated
Split Pleura Sign ... by an exudative effusion ... Empyema, malignant effusions ... #Sign #CT #Lung ... #Pulmonary #diagnosis
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
: weight gain, lung ... Chest x-ray: signs ... edema, bilateral pleural ... effusions). 1/5 ... → no signs of CXR