32 results
Methylmalonic Acid and Homocysteine Levels in Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency
 • B12 Deficiency: MMA elevated,
Vitamin B12 and Folate ... B12 Deficiency: MMA ... Deficiency: MMA ... Homocysteine #B12 #MMA ... #VitaminB12 #diagnosis
Workup for Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency

#Workup #VitaminB12 #Folate #Deficiency #FolicAcid #Diagnosis #Macrocytosis #MacrocyticAnemia #Algorithm
Vitamin B12 and Folate ... Deficiency #Workup #VitaminB12 ... #Folate #Deficiency ... #FolicAcid #Diagnosis
Diagnosing Vitamin B12 and/or Folate Deficiency

It turns out that simply measuring serum levels of B12 or
Diagnosing Vitamin ... inadequate to diagnosis ... #VitaminB12 #Folate ... #Deficiency #Diagnosis ... ComparisonTable #MMA
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
red blood cell; MMA ... #Diagnosis #Macrocytosis ... Macrocytic #Anemia #VitaminB12 ... #Folate #FolicAcid ... #MMA #Homocysteine
Interpreting Kidney Biomarkers

↑ Creatinine: 
 • AKI, CKD
 • Medications that lead to nephroprotective ↓ in
• AKI, CKD • Medications ... nephroprotective ↓ in GFR • Medications ... Inflammation • Corticosteroids ... Kidney #renal #diagnosis
Causes of Neutrophilia - Increased Neutrophils - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infection
 • Bacterial
 • Abscess
 • Viral
Medications
- Differential Diagnosis ... Abscess • Viral Medications ... • Corticosteroids ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hyperglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diabetes Mellitus:
 • Impaired Glucose Tolerance
 • Type I Diabetes
 • Type
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Acromegaly Medications ... : • Corticosteroids ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
malignancies (MM ... nutrition • Corticosteroid ... signs #symptoms #diagnosis
Mydriasis and Miosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Causes of Mydriasis:
Dilated pupils (mydriasis) more than 7mm
 • Unilateral
- Differential Diagnosis ... Antipsychotic medications ... AntichoIinergic medications ... - Stimulants: MDMA ... #differential #diagnosis
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis and Management
 • Epidemiology: Female (75%), 18-50 years,
caucasian
 • Symptoms: Moderate visual
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis ... Pleocytosis < 50/mm3 ... withdrawal of corticosteroids ... • Oral corticosteroids ... Optic #Neuritis #Diagnosis