14 results
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 • Urine Chloride
 • Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
Algorithm for Differentiating ... Gitelman syndrome from ... Chloride • Urine Ca ... #nephrology #hypokalemia ... #diagnosis
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... kidney K wasting from ... consumption • Low ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #low
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Calcium 2-3g IV Ca-gluconate ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... tubule (DCT) Clinical ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... antihypertensive agents from ... with previously stable ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... Neurologic disorders
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
mental status and low ... usually results from ... patient causing hypovolemia ... #algorithm #management ... cardiology #treatment #table
Citrate Anticoagulation Toxicity

Hypernatremia (HyperNa):
 - Citrate solutions may have ↑ sodium content and should be paired
solutions may have ↑ sodium ... removed via CKRT from ... circulation → ↓Mg Hypocalcemia ... dysfunction or low ... #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low