60 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... podocyte damage from ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... Gross hematuria + clots ... pain hematuria syndrome ... → Diagnostic of ... #causes #urology
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts ... #Nephritic #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)
APS is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by recurring blood clots resulting from antibodies
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ... recurring blood clots ... resulting from ... phospholipids • Blood clots ... #management #anticoagulation
Hantavirus
Pathogen: Hantavirus - Rodents are the primary reservoir
Transmission:
 • Shed in the urine, feces, saliva of
Cardiopulmonary Syndrome ... +/- diarrhea Diagnosis ... #Hantavirus #diagnosis ... #management #treatment ... #microbiology #infectiousdiseases
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
carotid sinus syndrome ... The diagnostic approach ... adverse events from ... further guide management ... Further diagnostics
Fever vs Hyperthermia
Fever:
 • Regulated in the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center
 • "Set point" raised by prostaglandin
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... ; Serotonin syndrome ... preventing heat loss from ... #Hyperthermia #comparison ... #diagnosis #management
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
maintained fever CAUSES ... Phaeochromocytoma Neurologic ... #Differential #Causes ... Anesthesia #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Priapism 

Secondary Causes:
Medications- intracavernosal injections, anticoagulants, PDE5 inhibitors, alpha blockers, methylphenidate, cocaine
Any hyperviscosity syndrome (SCD, leukemia,
Secondary Causes ... hyperviscosity syndrome ... #Priapism #Diagnosis ... #Management #Urology