9 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False Elevation ... HbA1c == False Elevation ... • Asplenia Laboratory ... HbA1c #HgbA1c #Laboratory ... Diagnosis #DM2 #Differential
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Elevation, Lactic ... Acidosis - Differential ... - assess other laboratory ... muscle use • Decreased ... #Differential #
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
TTP - Laboratory ... Mild-to-moderate decrease ... Mild-to-moderate elevation ... Serum lactate ... WBC count and differential
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... Delivery (DO2) • Decreased ... Pain / Exercise, Fever ... Syndrome, where decreased ... Lactic #Acidosis #Differential
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Elevated Lactate ... Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential ... myocarditis, rheumatic fever ... Idiosyncratic LDH Elevation ... #diagnosis #Laboratory
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Muscle swelling - Fever ... ULN • AST/ALT Elevation ... vasoconstriction → decreased ... Isotonic fluid/Lactated
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
• Headache • Fever ... /L) • Mildly decreased ... meningeal signs (fever ... CSF Lactate: Good ... meningitis • CSF-lactate
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
run-down or tired • Fevers ... Superimposed infection - increase ... Bronchoscopy Laboratory ... Bronchiectasis #pulmonary #differential
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Palpitations - Differential ... ECG • Limited laboratory ... Electrolyte imbalance • Fever ... tachycardia due to decreased ... Palpitations #Cardiology #Differential