12 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
administration Step 3. ... Assess volume status ... HYPOVOLEMIC • ... • CHF • liver ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Evaluation of Hyponatremia ... confusion, seizures) 3) ... history (cardiac, liver ... #Hypervolemic # ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... : • Hypovolemic ... thirst, Lack of access ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Dependent: • Hypovolemic ... • Hypervolemic ... Heart failure, liver
Causes of Altered Level of Consciousness GCS < 7 - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Brain Involvement - Hemispheric
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Neoplastic Abscess ... • Neoplastic Abscess ... - Excesses • Liver ... deficiency • Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... history Step #2 - Assess ... Uglucose Step #3 ... #Management #Algorithm
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Encephalitis, Brain Abscess ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Hypoxia, Uremia, Liver ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic ... Evaluation Algorithm ... Gravity Step 3: ... Assess volume status ... Workup #Evaluation #Algorithm
Orthostatic Hypotension - Management Algorithm
Positive orthostatic vital signs defined as one of the following (within 3
Hypotension - Management Algorithm ... following (within 3 ... reconciliation, Assess ... dysautonomia • Hypovolemic ... Hypotension #Management #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Then, ask 3 questions ... 3) Is it appropriate ... Assess volume status ... demyelination syndrome. 3% ... include vaptans (HF/liver