119 results
Causes of Pediatric Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Dietary / Functional:
 • Insufficient Volume / Bulk
Neurologic:
 •
Causes of Pediatric ... Algorithm Dietary / Functional ... Volume / Bulk Neurologic ... Fibrosis Dietary/Functional ... Withholding • Painful (e.g
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
Hypomagnesemia Fractional ... loss if renal function ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
dialysis indication (e.g ... require urgent nephrology ... Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... country), thyroid function ... test, ANA (e.g. ... (CVID, WAS), (neurologic ... patients if the cause
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... Hyperreflexia #Testing #Causes ... diagnosis #table #neurology
General approach to AKI - Checklist

Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
excretion and fractional ... AcuteKidneyInjury #Nephrology ... #CriticalCare
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Osmolality > 300 mmol/kg ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
if suspected (e.g ... block (+/- daily EKG ... worsening valve function ... of infection (e.g ... Endocarditis #checklist #criticalcare
Oropharyngeal and Esophageal Causes of Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
 • Neuromuscular causes: CVA/CNS tumor/ALS, Parkinson's,
and Esophageal Causes ... Neuromuscular causes ... Non-relaxation of EG ... junction: Achalasia, EG ... sclerosis - Functional
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
(Many causes!) ... * (most common cause ... • Infection (e.g ... Brain lesions (e.g ... Syndrome #diagnosis #neurology