74 results
Inverted P Waves:
(A) Ectopic atrial rhythm
(B) Junctional rhythm 

#Inverted #PWaves #cardiology #diagnosis #ekg #ecg #electrocardiogram #differential
atrial rhythm (B) Junctional ... cardiology #diagnosis #ekg ... #ecg #electrocardiogram ... #differential #
Heparin, Fondaparinux, and Novel Oral Anticoagulants - Pathophysiology

Anticoagulation with parenteral (intravenous or subcutaneous) and oral anticoagulants
Anticoagulants - Pathophysiology ... anticoagulant (e.g ... : Inhibits the function ... heparin (LMWH): Functions ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
Decreased ENaC channel function ... Aldosterone Receptor Function ... #Hyperkalemia #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology #
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action
Diuretics
1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin
2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics)
3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide)
4)
Nephron Pathophysiology ... ) Loop agents (eg ... Adenosine #Nephron #Pathophysiology ... Action #nephrology #pharmacology
Causes of Pediatric Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Dietary / Functional:
 • Insufficient Volume / Bulk
Neurologic:
 •
Constipation - Differential ... Algorithm Dietary / Functional ... Fibrosis Dietary/Functional ... Withholding • Painful (e.g ... #Constipation #Differential
Common sodium channel blockers which cause QRS widening.

Anticonvulsants: 
 - Carbamazepine 
Antidysrhythmics:  
 - Group
QRS #widening #ECG ... #EKG #Pharmacology ... Toxicology #Diagnosis #Differential
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Heart Failure - Pathophysiology ... and Differential ... - Congenital (e.g ... HeartFailure #CHF #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
if suspected (e.g ... block (+/- daily EKG ... worsening valve function ... of infection (e.g ... Endocarditis #checklist #criticalcare
Checklist Approach to Hypokalemia

Consider risk factors for arrhythmia:
 - EKG changes (especially QT prolongation)
 - Digoxin
arrhythmia: - EKG ... clinical context & EKG ... depend on renal function ... depend on renal function ... Hypokalemia #Management #CriticalCare
General approach to AKI - Checklist

Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
excretion and fractional ... FENa) could help differentiate ... AcuteKidneyInjury #Nephrology #CriticalCare