9 results
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Low Renin, Low Aldosterone ... heparin - Primary adrenal ... ) - Aldosterone ... Hypoaldosteronism #Differential ... #Comparison #Table
Hyperaldosteronism - Etiologies of Mineralocorticoid Excess

Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Normal or Low Renin, High Aldosterone) 
 - Aldosterone-secreting
Low Renin, High Aldosterone ... ) - Aldosterone-secreting ... - Congenital adrenal ... Hyperaldosteronism #Differential ... #Comparison #Table
Benign Adrenal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperplasia - Often Bilateral
 • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
 • ACTH
Benign Adrenal Mass ... - Differential ... • Congenital Adrenal ... /Alkalosis • Aldosterone ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Malignant Adrenal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Suggestive of Malignancy: Inhomogenous Density, Delay in CT Contrast Washout
Malignant Adrenal ... Mass - Differential ... Often Bilateral) Adrenal ... AdrenalMass #Malignant #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
• ↑ Renin, ↑ Aldosterone ... • ↓ Renin, ↑ Aldosterone ... : Adrenal adenoma ... • ↓ Renin, ↓ Aldosterone ... urine #potassium #differential
Fungal Biomarkers: Beta-D-Glucan and Aspergillus Galactomannan
Beta-D-Glucan:
 • Polysaccharide cell wall component of many fungi
 • Pathogens:
, Histoplasma, Fusarium ... Other Positives: Fusarium ... BAL GM does not differentiate ... Fungal #Biomarkers #BetaDGlucan ... Galactomannan #diagnosis #comparison
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Reduced Excretion - Differential ... meq/L • Low EABV ... • ACEi/ARB • Adrenal ... Low Renin, Low Aldosterone ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology #Differential
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
body water in comparison ... osmolality helps to differentiate ... hyponatremia in renal ... renin-angiotensin-aldosterone ... #Hypovolemia #EBV
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Hypokalemia - Differential ... periodic paralysis EABV ... • Renal artery ... Low renin, Low aldosterone ... Hypokalemia #Nephrology #Differential