11 results
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
affecting the Brain ... important, as early diagnosis ... and treatment can ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... #differential #diagnosis
Leigh Syndrome 
History: 19-month-old girl with hypotonia, developmental 
delay, failure to thrive, and bilateral optic disc
Leigh Syndrome ... failure to thrive, and ... #Clinical #MRI ... #Brain #Diagnosis ... #Radiology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... - Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #causes #radiology
Second Generation Antipsychotics: Mechanisms and Side Effects
(Atypical Anti-Psychotics) - Examples: Clozapine, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, Zotepine, Paliperidone,
considered 2nd line treatment ... throughout the brain ... Acetylcholine MI ... #SideEffects #pharmacology ... #diagnosis #psychiatry
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... Treatment: • HAART ... treatment • Cognitive
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Life threatening labile ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... axonal form • MRI ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
parietal lobes of the brain ... Vascular narrowing on MRA ... parietal lobes of the brain ... epilepticus Treatment ... underlying cause • Treatment
Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Pachymeningitis is a rare condition that causes areas of a layer
- Differential Diagnosis ... brain (dura mater ... of patients MRI ... sagging syndrome ... of patients MRI
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
& Dry) is the treatment ... acute coronary syndrome ... algorithm #management #cardiology ... #treatment #table ... icu #clinical #pharmacology
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Diagnosis: • Dry ... RTA, TYPE I RTA Diagnosis ... Membranoproliferative GN ... Adenocarcinoma Treatment ... lubricants • Pharmacologic