67 results
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Mnemonics
Why should we switch from MUDPILES to GOLDMARK?
 •
Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA ... from MUDPILES to GOLDMARK ... recognized as causes of AGMA ... Metabolic #Acidosis #HAGMA ... #Mnemonic #GOLDMARK
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA ... Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK ... ketoacidosis Renal ... Metabolic #Acidosis #HAGMA ... Differential #Diagnosis #GOLDMARK
GOLDMARK - Mnemonic for Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
G - Glycols
O - Oxoproline
L - L-Lactate
D - D-Lactate
M
GOLDMARK - Mnemonic ... - Aspirin R - Renal ... Ketoacidosis #GOLDMARK
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
vomiting • Fatigue Signs ... potassium • ↑ H+ (NAGMA ... Cortisol Deficiency: Signs ... Reduced libido • Signs ... endocrinology #diagnosis #signs
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA
NA + K - Cl = surrogate for Urine NH4+
NH4+ is excreted
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA ... RTA (nb ↑K) - Renal ... Urine #AnionGap #NAGMA
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA ... and Workup NAGMA ... in the urine - Renal ... Renal Loss of HCO3 ... Acidosis #Metabolic #NAGMA
More recently a new mnemonic has been suggested to update new our understanding of anion-gap generating
– Aspirin -R – Renal ... Ketoacidosis #Diagnosis #GOLDMARK
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
MANIFESTATIONS OF ADRENAL ... and secondary adrenal ... insipidus #Adrenal ... Insufficiency #Signs ... #Symptoms #Adrenal
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms
 • Brain: Androgenization effects, Glucocorticoid effects,
Congenital Adrenal ... Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs ... resistance • Adrenal ... subfertility, Adrenal ... Hydroxylase #Deficiency #Signs
Cirrhosis - Illustrated signs and symptoms:
Integumentary, neurologic, gastrointestinal, portal hypertension effects, hematologic, renal, metabolic, cardiovascular, reproductive

#Diagnosis
- Illustrated signs ... , hematologic, renal ... Diagnosis #Cirrhosis #Signs