30 results
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency ... parasthesias, gait ... Check for IF ab Treatment ... B12 #Cobalamin #Deficiency ... diagnosis #management #nutrition
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
dysfunction (e.g. gait ... upper limb) • Nutritional ... risk factor for nutritional ... Anorexia nervosa Treatment ... Encephalopathy • A prompt treatment
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... /jejunal nutrition ... Haematological: Anaemia ... drkeithsiau #Copper #Deficiency
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Pregnancy, EPO treatment ... Loss (without anaemia ... cancer) #Iron #Deficiency ... diagnosis #causes #nutrition
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... E - Haemolytic anaemia ... Vitamin B12 - Anaemia ... #Vitamins #Deficiency ... signs #symptoms #nutrition
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass
Fat-Soluble Vitamins:
 • Vitamin A - Night/complete blindness, xeropthalmia (pathologic dryness of
oculomotor dysfunction, gait ... Folate - Macrocytic anemia ... B12 - Macrocytic anemia ... Minerals: • Iron - Anemia ... Bypass #vitamin #nutrition
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Diet: ↓ Intake, e.g. vegan, Malnutrition, Polyphenol / tannins, ↓ Vitamin
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... drkeithsiau #Iron #Deficiency ... differential #diagnosis #anemia ... #nutrition
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency ... • Fanconi’s anemia ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis Nutritional ... B12 • Folate deficiency
Causes of Neutropenia with Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sequestration:
 • Splenomegaly
Marrow Infiltration:
 • Hematologic and non-hematologic
Toxins • Aplastic Anemia ... Myelodysplasia Nutritional ... deficiency: •
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency ... thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency ... ataxia (broad-based gait ... and retrograde amnesia ... #B1 #thiamine #deficiency