23 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
red - cells Non-glomerular ... Dysmorphic red cells - Glomerular ... glomerular disease ... • White cell casts ... • Granular casts
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
Causes of acute ... vascular supply; glomerular ... and interstitial disease ... GBM, Glomerular ... #Diagnosis #AKI
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... diabetes)) #Glomerular ... Proteinuria #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Classification ... - TTP/HUS • Glomerular ... necrosis (causes ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Calculi Glomerular ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... epithelial side of glomerular ... endothelial side of glomerular
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... INTRINSIC: - Glomerular ... white blood cell casts ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
or dipstick) Glomerular ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... of glomerular hematuria ... : - RBC casts ... Suggestive of glomerular
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 • Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
Shock Classification ... Types - Pathophysiology ... Pulmonary embolism ... advanced valvular disease ... #criticalcare #diagnosis
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... Causes include: ... cardiac disease ... #differential #diagnosis
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... Traumatic brain injury ... nervous system injury ... of acute respiratory ... Embolism: • Acute