391 results
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm Cause ... intoxication Cause ... gastrointestinal osmotic gradient ... ⁻ increase may cause ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
• Significant cause ... most frequent cause ... Increased pressure gradient ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Illness Script
HPS is a pulmonary disorder of chronic liver disease characterized by a
abnormalities PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ... = increased Aa gradient ... arteriovenous shunting causes ... portal HTN • Aa gradient
Aortic Stenosis Grading on echocardiography
The cut-offs for grading can be found in table 1. Discrepancies are
Aortic Stenosis Grading ... The cut-offs for grading ... and are usually caused ... 4.0 m/s and mean gradient
Severity of Aortic Stenosis in Adults 
Current ACC/AHA guidelines recommend cut-off values for Doppler-echocardiographic measurements of
0.6 cm2/m2, mean gradient ... transvalvular gradient ... , inconsistent grading ... <1 cm2 with a gradient
Commonly Used Clinical Grading Systems
 • Edema Grading Scale
 • Hepatic Encephalopathy Grading (West Haven Criteria)
Used Clinical Grading ... Systems • Edema Grading ... Encephalopathy Grading ... Systolic Murmur Grading ... • Ascites Grading
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Clinical Findings Grading ... ligament substance leading ... ligament substance leading ... #orthopedics #Grading ... Grades #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Approach to the A-a Gradient ... A-a gradient = ... PAO2 - PaO2 A-a gradient ... - PaO2 Normal Gradient ... A-a Gradient
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Algorithm by A-a Gradient ... Normal A-a Gradient ... compliance ↑ A-a Gradient ... pulmonary #Aa #Gradient
Hyphema - Blood in the Anterior Chamber - Grading

#Hyphema #Grading #Grades #Classification #Ophthalmology #Diagnosis #Management #Ocular
Anterior Chamber - Grading ... #Hyphema #Grading