12 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
renal tubular dysfunction ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Anorexia GI Losses ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
death -> end-organ dysfunction ... Hypovolemic Shock - Low ... EmmGeezee #Shock #Classification ... #differential #causes ... #classification
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
death -> end-organ dysfunction ... Hypovolemic Shock - Low ... EmmGeezee #Shock #Classification ... #differential #causes ... #classification
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Preoperative Risk Evaluation ... Performance thorough ... ASA class If ... or LV dysfunction ... Orthopedic • Low
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
10% of all lupus cases ... in >90% - Low ... Discontinuation of causal ... Positive in 60-80% of cases ... sle #comparison #table
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... medications, pancreatic dysfunction ... total body stores Evaluation ... leukopenia and/or low ... pit, low retic
TABLE 2. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) sub-classifications
lBS-diarrhoea (IBS-D)
 - >25% loose or watery stools; <25% hard
TABLE 2. ... syndrome (IBS) sub-classifications ... of incomplete evacuation ... Subclassifications #Classes
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO)

Functional obstruction may be caused by detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD), either at the level
obstruction may be caused ... the most common cause ... Other causes of ... for complicated cases ... evaluation.
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
secretion because the dysfunctional ... between 8 and 9 AM - Low ... aldosterone - Low ... in cases in which ... Insufficiency #Evaluation