16 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Chronic diarrhea / IBD ... renal tubular dysfunction ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes, classification and compensatory responses to shock.

Shock can be caused by any pathological process that leads
Causes, classification ... vasodilatation, myocardial dysfunction ... unresuscitated septic shock is ... #Differential #Causes ... #Types #Classification
TABLE 2. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) sub-classifications
lBS-diarrhoea (IBS-D)
 - >25% loose or watery stools; <25% hard
TABLE 2. ... ) sub-classifications ... (IBS-D) - >25% ... of incomplete evacuation ... #Classes #Diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... from different classes ... renovascular or endocrine causes ... Causes: • Vascular ... Hypertension #Workup #causes
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Preoperative Risk Evaluation ... Performance thorough ... ASA class If ... with valvular dysfunction ... or LV dysfunction
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
Abdominal Pain Causes ... have had prior evaluations ... Consider cardiac causes ... genitourinary causes ... Pain #Chronic #Causes
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
clinical suspicion is ... -(rare), Valve dysfunction ... failure ++, Valve dysfunction ... in up to 30% of cases ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
countries (11-24 cases ... Americans (18-71 cases ... mortality: 9-14 cases ... Pathophysiology: 1) T-cell dysfunction ... sarcoidosis (1/3 of cases
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... medications, pancreatic dysfunction ... loss • If anemia is ... total body stores Evaluation ... • If response is
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
10% of all lupus cases ... rare, Malar rash is ... Discontinuation of causal ... Positive in 60-80% of cases ... sle #comparison #table