11 results
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... : • High Blood ... consumption • Low ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
type 4) - Salt wasting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
moving back to resting ... Phase 4 - True Resting ... Vaughan Williams Classification ... 3 - Potassium Channel ... #Pharmacology #Classification
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... blood pressure: ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Performance thorough ... ASA class If ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... Orthopedic • Low ... surgery Stress Testing
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Crossmatch - involves testing ... Causes purpura & ... potassium from ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... false negatives on testing
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
administration (red blood ... factor (white blood ... diuresis, salt-wasting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Classification
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Blood Transfusion ... Causes purpura & ... potassium from ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... false negatives on testing
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... confirmed via genetic testing ... correcting serum potassium ... continued in most cases
Delayed Fracture Healing - Non-Union - Malunion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Inflammation (Hours-Days) -> Soft Callus (Days-Weeks)
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Non-Union (adequate blood ... Non-Union (inadequate blood ... Misalignment before casting ... #Orthopedics #Causes