19 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... High Uric Acid → renal ... salt wasting By ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
and Screening Testing ... Oral sodium loading ... h of infusion Adrenal ... CT scan, adrenal ... • Congenital adrenal
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Sodium loss (diuretics ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... diagnosis #table #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Cerebral salt wasting ... Hypothyroidism - Adrenal ... Suppressed - Advanced renal ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes ... #Sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... Cerebral salt wasting ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Causes of Generalized ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Overfill (Increased renal ... sodium retention ... #Causes
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... , hypoglycemia Testing ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... unclear (often the case ... then go to stim testing ... Insufficiency #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypoglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Fasting Hypoglycemia:
 • Excess Insulin
 • Medications (e.g. Insulin Secretagogues, ß-Adrenergic Antagonists,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Idiopathic Other Causes ... Hypopituitarism • Adrenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... endocrinology #causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... mimics, repeat testing ... Nephrology for renal ... Nephrology if cause ... Hematuria #Diagnosis #Algorithm