14 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... type 4) - Salt wasting ... proliferation - Hypokalemic ... Low #Potassium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Causes of Hyporeflexia ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... Hyperreflexia #Testing ... #diagnosis #table
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... differentiating kidney K wasting ... from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... Cerebral salt wasting ... syndrome Hypovolemia
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... , hypoglycemia Testing ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... and Screening Testing ... Common causes: ... (correction of hypokalemia ... Screening #Workup #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... Familial renal Mg wasting ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Performance thorough ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... Stable patients ... surgery Stress Testing ... preoperative stress testing
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... for hypokalemia ... confirmed via genetic testing ... continued in most cases ... #differential #algorithm