607 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
algorithm Decreased renal ... excretion • Acute renal ... failure • Chronic renal ... • Drugs • Addison's ... high: • Post-renal
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... Metabolic #Acidosis #HAGMA
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Rhabdomyolysis Increased renal ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency, adrenal ... insufficiency (Addison's
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Insufficiency Addison's ... Damage of the adrenal ... Lung cancer • Renal ... potassium • ↑ H+ (NAGMA ... insufficiency #addisons
Adrenal Crisis
Do not confuse acute adrenal crisis with Addison disease. In 1855, Thomas Addison described a
Adrenal Crisis ... crisis with Addison ... In 1855, Thomas Addison ... insufficiency as "bronze Addison ... known widely as Addison
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
and Workup NAGMA ... in the urine - Renal ... Renal Loss of HCO3 ... - Renal insufficiency ... Hypoaldosteronism - Renal
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA
NA + K - Cl = surrogate for Urine NH4+
NH4+ is excreted
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA ... RTA (nb ↑K) - Renal ... Urine #AnionGap #NAGMA
Causes of Non-Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis - USED PART Mnemonic
U: Urinary diversion/ Ureteroenterostomy
S: Small Bowel Fistula
E:
Pancreatic fistula A: Addison ... @drM_sudha #NAGMA
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Hyperalimentation - Addison ... disease - Renal
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
MANIFESTATIONS OF ADRENAL ... and secondary adrenal ... insipidus #Adrenal ... Signs #Symptoms #Adrenal ... Insufficiency #Addisons