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diagnosis causes management hyperkalemia algorithm high hyponatremia chloride gitelman hypotonic k low metabolic pathophysiology physiologic summary urinary
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Seizures • Rhabdomyolysis ... Treatment - ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
be treated with IV ... potassium(K) & ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Differential Diagnosis ... Infection - Viral (HIV ... Monitor potassium ... #Differential # ... #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
Differential Diagnosis ... Infection (Viral- HIV ... hour with goal urine ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... sodium is typically ... and potassium acid ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... potassium • Beta ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... - Rhabdomyolysis ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... potassium • Beta ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... - Rhabdomyolysis ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... plasma insulin (treatment ... and lymphomas, IV ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
lysis) ± Urine ... Elimination (see Table ... Stabilization Treatments ... Redistribution Treatments ... #potassium #nephrology
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