25 results
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
the ankle jerk reflex ... evaluation confirmed a diagnosis ... #PhysicalExam # ... #Delayed #Clinical ... Video #Neurology #Endocrinology
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Passive neck flexion causes ... theory is that hip ... an involuntary reflex ... #Meningitis #Clinical ... #Video #PhysicalExam
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
such as reflex ... syncope (ruling out differential ... diagnoses), ruling ... orthostatic vital sign ... should be guided by clinical
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Retinoblastoma Signs ... partial retinal red reflex ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Epiglottitis - Swollen inflamed epiglottis 
Clinical (Rapid onset) 
 • Fever 
 • Sore throat
inflamed epiglottis Clinical ... influenzae type B (pre HiB ... #Epiglottitis #Signs ... #Causes #Diagnosis ... #Differential #
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Diagnosis Baseline ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... hepatitis serology, HIV ... #causes
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Diagnosis: • ... • Examine for signs ... Casey Albin MD @ ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
It is a clear sign ... the pupillary reflex ... very sensitive diagnostic ... regarding the cause ... Defect #Neurology #Clinical
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Double Vision - Differential ... Clinical Pearls ... Cranial Nerve IV ... #DoubleVision #Differential ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... hyalinization causes ... diffuse light reflex ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs