620 results
Chronic SVC Stenosis with Caudal Blood Flow of Dilated Abdominal Veins

60 y/o hx of seizures &
Chronic SVC Stenosis ... What is the cause ... - Portal HTN- ... imaging showed chronic ... veins #Clinical #Video
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Ureterosigmoidoscopy • HTN ... Cushing Syndrome • HTN ... Aldosterone: Malignant HTN ... , Renovascular HTN ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Chronic Hypertension:
 • Guidelines as SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg
 •
of Pregnancy Chronic ... unless severe HTN ... Eclampsia: Tonic-clonic ... or eclampsia Chronic ... patients with chronic
When to Evaluate for Secondary Causes of Hypertension
1. Severe or resistant HTN
2. Acute rise/lability in BP
3.
for Secondary Causes ... Severe or resistant HTN ... Malignant HTN with ... #Hypertension #causes ... indications #diagnosis #HTN
Hypertension and Altered Mental Status (AMS) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hypertension:
 • Hypertensive emergency
 • Hypertensive encephalopathy
with compensatory HTN ... Acute GN • Acute/Chronic ... Scleroderma renal crises ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
mmHg - portal HTN ... significant portal HTN ... Signs of portal HTN ... Post-Hepatic: • Cardiac causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Causes of Cough and Hemoptysis
Acute Inflammation 
 - Laryngitis 
 - Tracheobronchitis 
 - Mycoplasma and
Causes of Cough ... Bacterial Pneumonias Chronic ... Postnasal Drip - Chronic ... #Chronic #Cough ... #Differential #Causes
Non-lschemic Causes of Cardiogenic Shock:

Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Digoxin 

Myocarditis 

Cardiomyopathies (sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, Takatsubo, 
hemochromatosis) 

Valvular
Non-lschemic Causes ... Tamponade, pulmonary HTN ... , systemic HTN, ... #Nonlschemic #Causes
Eosinophils (Eos) and hypereosinophilia (HE)
Caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokines
Common causes:
 - Drug reaction
 - Helminth infection
 -
hypereosinophilia (HE) Caused ... cytokines Common causes ... disease Rare causes ... HIV, HTLVI) - Chronic ... 3, DOCK8) - Chronic
Secondary causes of Hypertension
 • Medications, Drugs, Chemo: NSAIDS, Steroids, CNI, Alcohol, Cocaine, OCP, Licorice, MAOI,
Secondary causes ... Hyperaldosternism (low renin HTN ... Other Endocrine causes ... Other low renin HTN ... causes: Cushing's