24 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... Space-occupying brain
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
hyperthermia crisis (late sign ... amphetamines) Toxic: • Radiologic ... • Traumatic brain ... #Differential #Causes ... #Checklist #Diagnosis
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Causes: • Large ... Incontinence • Saddle Anesthesia ... suspected, immediate MRI ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... affecting the Brain ... skull neoplasms (e.g ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... consistent with MS
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
symptom of something ... the mnemonic "Mi-T-C ... stiffness) • Brain ... N Neurological signs ... Comparison #Neurology #Diagnosis
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... hemiplegic or anesthetic ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Posterior Ankle Impingement (Os Trigonum) Syndrome - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Os trigonum which has marrow
(Os Trigonum) Syndrome ... - MSK Radiology ... Case description ... flexion but no symptoms ... #diagnosis #msk
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
is unconscious, signs ... is conscious, symptoms ... consultation with cardiology ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
involvement: Intractable nausea ... deficits ranging from paresthesia ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis ... Signs and symptoms ... resonance imaging [MRI ... lesions) McDonald diagnostic