11 results
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... Typical symptoms ... Less Typical Symptoms ... abdominojugular, reflux ... CXR congestion.
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
clinical findings ... clumsiness in hands ... rectal reflex. ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
clinical findings ... vasoconstrictive • Acute ... diffuse light reflex ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Autonomic symptoms ... meningeal irritation signs ... headache: - Acute ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology ... #Neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... neurological lesion: Clinical ... and signs below ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
combination of the clinical ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Coltivirus Symptoms ... • Common clinical ... : • Acute meningeal ... signs (fever, nuchal ... #diagnosis #neurology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... Behcet disease) Differential ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... diagnosis #management #signs
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... Diagnosis = clinical ... systemic sx + signs ... very remarkable w/differential ... required +/- prompt ophthalmology
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
Clinical Findings ... hormones, urine reflux ... Hydronephrosis, Acute ... Pathophysiology #Urology ... #Signs #Symptoms