11 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... Diagnosis Algorithm Signs ... of anemia and hemolysis ... Immune-mediated Hemolysis ... Nonimmune-mediated Hemolysis
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... Cytomegalovirus • Epstein-Barr
Hypothyroidism – symptoms and signs.

Symptoms: 
Tiredness/malaise, 
Weight gain,
Anorexia,
Cold intolerance, 
Poor memory,
Change in appearance, 
Depression, 
Poor libido,
– symptoms and signs ... , Deafness Signs ... Slow-relaxing reflexes, Anaemia ... Hypothyroid #Features #Signs ... Symptoms #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
 • Neurologic: Headaches, Dizziness, Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barré, Ageusia, Myalgia, Anosmia, Stroke
 • Renal:
Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barré ... Ageusia, Myalgia, Anosmia ... Extrapulmonary #Diagnosis #Signs
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
-DPG -> - hemolysis ... - anemia ... pathophysiology #symptoms #signs
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Hemoptysis (occasionally ... • CT: Halo sign ... and occasional hemoptysis ... 100% of cases), anemia
Likelihood ratios for different physical findings in anemia:
Conjunctival rim pallor LR: 16.7
Palmar crease pallor LR: 7.9
Palmar
physical findings in anemia ... pallor) LR: 4.7 #anemia ... #physicalexam # ... signs #diagnosis
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
schistosomiasis • Pyemia ... Brucellosis Faget's Sign ... with profound hemolysis
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
heart failure, uremia ... punctuated by frequent sighs ... Occasional sighs ... Abnormal #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Newborn Infant - Routine Examination

Birthweight, gestational age and birthweight percentile are noted.
General observation Of the baby's
is also a late sign ... polycythaemia or anaemia ... are observed for signs ... Newborn #Infant #PhysicalExam