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Practice Guidelines for Preoperative Fasting

Infographic by Dr. Jesse Burk-Rafel
@jbrafel

> 8 hours - Heavy foods (fried/fatty) and
@jbrafel > 8 hours ... and meats > 6 hours ... formula > 4 hours ... coffee) 0-2 hours ... Liquids up to 2 hours
Normal urine output 
- 0.5 to 1.5 cc/kg/hour 
- A patient should be urinating at least
0.5 to 1.5 cc/kg/hour ... least every 6 hours ... < 300cc/m2/24 hours ... - < 0.5 cc/kg/hour ... - < 1.0 cc/kg/hour
Quick Guide: Methadone Starts in the Hospital
Day 1: max daily dose 40 mg methadone
First dose
• Check
Recheck Ramsay in 1 hour ... After 4 hours • ... After 4 hours • ... After 4 hours • ... After 4 hours •
Blood Pressure Targets in Hypertensive Crisis

Timeline:
1 hour: ↓ MAP by 25%, Maintain DBP ≥ 100 mmHg
2-6
Timeline: 1 hour ... 100 mmHg 2-6 hours ... DBP 100 mmHg 24 hours
3 Hour Time Lapse - Button Battery Ingestion Simulation - mp4 video version here: https://www.grepmed.com/images/14833

Swallowed button
3 Hour Time Lapse ... that occurs in 3 hours
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Types of hypersensitivity reactions

Type I - lgE-Mediated, Within I Hour (Anaphylaxis)
Type II - IgG or IgM
lgE-Mediated, Within I Hour ... IgM Cytotoxic, Hours
Important Blood Pressure Targets in the ED
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: 
    SBP < 140 -
110: For 24 hours ... by 15% over 24 hours ... by 20% in first hour
Opioid Withdrawal Symptom Timeline
Stage l: Up to 8 hours 
Stage II: 8—24 hours 
Stage Ill: Up
Stage l: Up to 8 hours ... Stage II: 8—24 hours
Alcohol Withdrawal Timeline
Minor withdrawal (6 to 36 hours) - Tremulousness, mild anxiety, headache, diaphoresis, palpitations, gastrointestinal
withdrawal (6 to 36 hours ... Seizures (6 to 48 hours ... hallucinosis (12 to 48 hours ... tremens (48 to 96 hours
Therapeutic Drug Level Monitoring 
Carbamazepine - Sample immediately before next dose (trough) 
Clozapine - Sample immediately
) or exactly 2 hours ... - Sample 8-24 hours ... trough level 2-4 hours ... Lithium - Sample 12 hours ... sample after 18 hours