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Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
Framework for Lower ... Increased capillary hydrostatic ... Unilateral Lower ... Edema: • DVT • CHF ... Extremity Edema: • CHF
HFrEF - Low Ejection Fraction on Physical Exam - Likelihood Ratios
 - Displaced Apical Impulse
 -
Response #HFrEF #LowEF ... LRs #diagnosis #cardiology ... #CHF
Left Atrium
 - The upper posterior border of the heart is formed by the left atrium.
Ventricle - Forms the lower ... Ventricle - The lower ... #Anatomy #Radiology ... #CXR #Lateral #
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
flow from the lower ... during a period of CHF ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Cephalization
Left lower lobe atelectasis - There is a triangular density seen through the cardiac shadow.
This must
Left lower lobe ... suggests this is lower ... cannot see the lower ... opposite #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #LLL #Lobar
ARDS/VALI progression over the course of 1 week 
 (a) Day 1 - No pathological findings.
consolidations in lower ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #ChestXRay
Stage II - Interstitial edema
Stage II of CHF is characterized by fluid leakage into the interlobular
edema Stage II of CHF ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #KerleyB
Pleural effusion is not always visible as a meniscus in the costophrenic angle. 
A subpulmonic effusion
with signs of CHF ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Pleural
Normal Hilar Anatomy on Chest X-Ray
The hilum is 95% vessels and while it is not important
bronchus LLL - left lower ... #Chest #XRay #CXR ... #clinical #radiology
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
81% for acute HF ... 5 pts w/ acute HF ... → no signs of CXR ... diagnosis #management #cardiology ... #pharmacology #sCHF