9 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... , Hypermagnesemia ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... , Hypomagnesemia ... Testing #Causes #differential
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... Primary intestinal hypomagnesemia ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... DrEricStrong #Hypomagnesemia
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Causes of Hypermagnesemia ... or enemas - Treatment ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Addison's disease) #Hypermagnesemia ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... • Hypercalcemia ... malignancies Treatment ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Classification
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... Pancreatitis, surgery, acute ... mets- prostate cancer ... contrast agents • Hypomagnesemia ... @kdjhaveri #Hypocalcemia
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Refeeding Syndrome • Acute ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... • Hypomagnesemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... • Alcoholism - Hypomagnesemia ... PTH action • Hypomagnesemia ... • Sepsis • Acute ... Rhabdomyolysis #Hypocalcemia
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... Alcoholism (worsened by hypomagnesemia ... Fever Other: - Hypomagnesemia ... or induced) #Hypokalemia
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Autoimmune disease, Cancer ... Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Reversible course Differential ... syndrome, ADEM, Acute ... epilepticus Treatment