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diagnosis management causes nephrology rhabdomyolysis diuresis encephalopathy excretion gitelman hematology indications leukostasis lysis medications pathophysiology pharmacology posterior pres renal reversible
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
• LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... Hyperphosphatemia • Hypocalcemia ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... Loop diuretics for ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Approach (when evaluation should be done): 1. Severe or
classes, including a diuretic ... disorders including hypokalemia ... hormonal excess or hypokalaemia ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
immature blasts and high ... • Triggers: Diuretics ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... treatment (no calcium ... #TLS #diagnosis
Causes of Constipation in Adults Most common - Inadequate fiber or fluid intake - Poor bowel habits Systemic
- Metabolic: hypokalemia ... , hypercalcemia, ... porphyria - Neurologic ... - Opioids - Diuretics ... #Causes #Differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Family history of hypokalemia ... • Unexplained hypokalemia ... Normal or low blood ... pressure Labs: • Hypokalemia ... pathophysiology #Hypokalemia
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Prevention of blood ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
HIV, Influenza, TSS ... injured muscles -> HYPOTENSION ... potassium and calcium ... Loop diuretics for ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... , Blood transfusion ... , Hypercalcemia ... Reversible course Differential ... lines/devices, Constipation
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