27 results
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... Hypomagnesemia - Acquired: Medications ... pentamidine), Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology #magnesium
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - ... EKG Findings Causes ... of Hypercalcemia ... Thiazide diuretics #Hypercalcemia ... Electrocardiogram #Differential
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
Causes of Hypermagnesemia ... or enemas - Treatment ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Hypermagnesemia #Causes ... #diagnosis #differential
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia ... to moderate); hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia; hypokalemia ... disturbances (including hypokalemia ... #Hyperkalemia #
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
in kidneys) - Medications ... cisplatin) - Chronic hypercalcemia ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Constipation - Differential ... Psychosocial Medications ... Hypothyroidism • Hypokalemia ... • Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia ... Protein) • AIN: Medication ... Kidney #Injury #Differential ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... • LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... Hyperphosphatemia • Hypocalcemia ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia