35 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... lung nodules, may also ... #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Suspicion for Hyperkalemia ... Drugs Causing Hyperkalemia ... diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Hyperkalemia ... Chronic progressive ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Diagnosis Framework ... • LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... , hypercalcemia) ... Classification #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Evolution of MRI Findings in Stroke

MR images at five subsequent time points in a 67-year-old woman
Evolution of MRI ... it possible to differentiate ... hyperintense at all ... #Progression #Stroke ... Interpretation #Findings #Neurology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Posterior Ankle Impingement (Os Trigonum) Syndrome - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Os trigonum which has marrow
Trigonum) Syndrome - MSK ... Case description ... hallucis longus Differential ... diagnosis for similar ... #diagnosis #msk
Focal Periphyseal Edema (FOPE lesion) - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Arrows identifying the characteristic edema-like signal
) - MSK Radiology ... (save $$) Differential ... Also, FOPE is centered ... #clinical #mri ... #diagnosis #msk