432 results
Tachypnea - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Alkalemia:
 • Acute Respiratory Alkalosis
 • Chronic Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure
Alkalosis • Chronic Hypercapnic ... Alkalosis Acidemic: • Metabolic ... Superimposed • Acute Hypercapnic
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
• Salicylates Metabolic ... diuretics P - Post-hypercapnea ... or Cushing’s) Metabolic ... non anion gap metabolic ... - anion gap metabolic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Cl- responsive metabolic ... diuretics, Post-hypercapneic ... metabolic alkalosis ... Cl- resistant metabolic
Causes of Approach to Altered Level of Consciousness - Workup
Clinical Exam - Focal
 • Trauma
 •
Sections Bloodwork - Metabolic ... • Hypoxia • Hypercapnea ... Bloodwork - No Metabolic
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea ... Gas) (-) Likely Metabolic ... Bicarbonate #Elevated #metabolic
Causes of Prolonged Emergence - Anesthesiology

Prolonged Drug Action:
• Overdose 
• Hypothermia (< 33 C) 
• Incr
interaction Metabolic ... : • Hypoxia / hypercapnia
Altered Mental Status - Differential Diagnosis
 • Neurologic: Stroke, Cerebral hypoxia, Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure, Trauma, TBI,
Encephalitis • Metabolic ... Hypoglycemia, Hypercarbia
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Cl- responsive metabolic ... diuretics - Post-hypercapneic ... metabolic alkalosis ... Cl- resistant metabolic
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
MINT Mnemonic • Metabolic ... Encephalopathy, Hypoxia/Hypercarbia
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Status/ postchronic hypercapnia ... thiazide-sensitive site) Metabolic ... after fasting #Metabolic