59 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Causes of Hyporeflexia ... and Hyperreflexia ... Focal Hyporeflexia ... #differential #diagnosis
Myelopathy - Injury to the entire spinal cord - Signs and Symptoms
 • Ataxia (early sign)
baseline) • Hyperreflexia ... (deep-tendon reflex ... #Myelopathy #diagnosis
 The following #reflexes are routinely tested, and the response elicited is graded from zero to
The following #reflexes ... each deep tendon reflex ... examiner's hand that supports ... reflection of hyperreflexia ... be displaying hyperreflexia
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
Clonus, Tremor, Hyperreflexia ... Serotonin #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... SideEffects #Psychiatry #Diagnosis
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
Clonus, Tremor, Hyperreflexia ... SerotoninNorepinephrine #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... SideEffects #Psychiatry #Diagnosis
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... • Gag reflex ... • Cough reflex ... neurology #comatose #diagnosis
Upper Versus Lower Motor Neuron Findings

Denervation near the target muscle fibers (lower motor neuron disease) results
limb of spinal reflexes ... , resulting in hyporeflexia ... Versus #Findings #Diagnosis
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Neurochemical abnormalities
 • Hyper-vigilance
 • Emotional hyper-arousal
 • Exaggerated startle reflex
 • Anxiety
Exaggerated startle reflex ... BehavioralDisorder #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
- Differential Diagnosis ... K-ATPase which imports ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
diffuse light reflex ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis