1906 results
Capnography Waveforms
Sudden loss of waveform
 • ET tube disconnected, dislodged, kinked or obstructec
 • Loss of
function Decreasing EtCO2 ... Asthma • COPD Hypoventilation ... Hyperventilation ... Decreased EtCO2 ... Interpretation #ETCO2
CAPNOGRAPHY 
Provides a measure of ventilation – or concentration of CO2 exhaled air (aka end tidal
end tidal CO2 or etCO2 ... Apnea or hypoventilation ... #EtCO2 #Capnography ... #curarecleft #hypoventilation ... #hyperventilation
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
PETCO2 - End-tidal ... ventilation (where ETC02 ... : hypovolemia, hypoventilation ... Sudden drop in ETCO2 ... diagnosis #pulmonary #ETCO2
Table of Breathing Patterns and Their Associated Conditions
Apnea
Biot's respirations
Bradypnea
Cheyne-Stokes respirations	
Hyperpnea
Hyperventilation
Hypoventilation
Kussmaul respirations
Orthopnea
Paradoxic ventilation
Sighing respirations
Tachypnea
Hoover's sign

#Breathing #Patterns #Diagnosis
respirations Hyperpnea Hyperventilation ... Hypoventilation
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Atelectasis Central Hypoventilation ... Hypothyroidism Peripheral Hypoventilation ... • Obesity Hypoventilation ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Today in the OR, the anesthesiologist shared with me his "Coffee Cup Rule" for ETCO2 obstruction
Cup Rule" for ETCO2 ... on top of the ETCO2 ... #Capnography #ETCO2
Capnography and 12 Common Waves - Credit: Charlie Alvarenga

#Diagnosis #CriticalCare #Capnography #Waveforms #Interpretation #ETCO2 #EndTidalCO2 #pulmonary
Interpretation #ETCO2
Know the waves!  Capnography is useful for more than just tube placement confirmation.

#Diagnosis #PCC #Capnography
Interpretation #ETCO2
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Atmospheric pressure • Hypoventilation ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... exercise-related loss • Hyperventilation ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm