11 results
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... glomerulonephritis, type ... 1 (50%-80%), type ... S - Systemic Lupus ... #Low #Complement
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
pathophysiologic causes ... staining): • Low ... Complement: Post-strep ... GN, Lupus Nephritis ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
Allergen-specific lgE causes ... antigens, leading to complement ... they activate complement ... glomerulonephritis, Systemic lupus ... allergy #table #classification
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Epidemiology: 10-180/100,000, Typically Age 20-40, F:M
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... Diagnosis and Management ... Positive in 60-80% of cases ... 60-80% - Low ... complement - 50
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
cases, drug-dependent ... in >90% - Low ... complement - Rare ... Positive in 60-80% of cases ... complement - 50
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• They can cause ... factor level • Low ... serum C4 complement ... (e.g. systemic lupus ... #classification
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... such as systemic lupus ... against MPO • Complement ... (Low levels mixed ... #rheumatology #classification
Type 2 Diabetes - Screening, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Lifestyle  Modifications (Diet and Exercise) -> Start
Type 2 Diabetes ... Diagnosis and Management ... Algorithm Lifestyle ... • Secondary Causes ... #DMII #Classification
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL)
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent, 4:1 to 1:1 F:M
cases, drug-dependent ... in >90% - Low ... complement - Rare ... Discontinuation of causal ... diagnosis #treatment #management
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... diseases: syßtemic lupus ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... High #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes