11 results
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Urticaria and hypocomplementemia ... inflammation Others: • Lupus ... such as systemic lupus ... against MPO • Complement ... #rheumatology #classification
Lupus Nephritis Primer
Class I - Minimal Mesangial
Class II - Mesangial Proliferative
Class Ill - Focal Proliferative
Class IV
Lupus Nephritis ... Proliferative Class Ill - Focal ... Proliferative Class IV - Diffuse ... DrFlashHeart #Lupus ... Nephritis #SLE #Classification
Hair Loss (Alopecia) - General (Diffuse and Focal) Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

DIFFUSE
Scarring - Irreversible-biopsy required
 • Lupus
Diagnosis Algorithm ... DIFFUSE Scarring ... Irreversible-biopsy required • Lupus ... • Discoid lupus ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
staining): • Low Complement ... Post-strep GN, Lupus ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Management of Lupus Nephritis
Lupus nephritis (LN) in 10 to 40% of SLE
Hallmark = proteinuria 20.5 g/g
severity (ISN/RPS classification ... by 12 months Classification ... • Class Ill - Focal ... • Class IV - Diffuse ... glomeruli) Diffuse
Causes of Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Massive Hemoptysis (>I00 mL in 24 hours)
 • Malignancy
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Bronchitis Diffuse ... • Pulmonary Vasculitis ... Malignancy Pulmonary Vasculitis ... • Lupus Erythematosus
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
anti-Smith Ab, low complements ... Skin Disease Classification ... pneumonitis • Diffuse ... enteropathy, and diffuse ... RNP antibodies, Complement
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
- Local and systemic ... antigen, leading to complement ... Complement activation ... , and systemic lupus ... Hypersensitivity #Types #Classification
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• Low serum C4 complement ... • IgA vasculitis ... • Vasculitis ... (e.g. systemic lupus ... diagnosis #types #classification
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
antigens, leading to complement ... they activate complement ... chain causing local ... glomerulonephritis, Systemic lupus ... allergy #table #classification