8 results
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... glomerulonephritis, type ... 1 (50%-80%), type ... S - Systemic Lupus ... #Low #Complement
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
Soluble antigen - Allergen-specific ... When the specific allergen ... antigen, leading to complement ... Complement activation ... , and systemic lupus
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
Mechanism of Action: Allergen-specific ... antigens, leading to complement ... they activate complement ... glomerulonephritis, Systemic lupus ... #allergy #table
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
staining): • Low ... Complement: Post-strep ... GN, Lupus Nephritis ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
Types: • Type ... • Type III Often ... factor level • Low ... serum C4 complement ... (e.g. systemic lupus
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Urticaria and hypocomplementemia ... inflammation Others: • Lupus ... such as systemic lupus ... against MPO • Complement ... (Low levels mixed
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
anti-Smith Ab, low ... complements and ... Kikuchi disease • Type-I ... , lymphopenia, low ... RNP antibodies, Complement
Bradykinin-mediated Angioedema
Clinical features: Submucosal oedema (face, extremity, genitalia), Laryngeal dyspnea (25% of deaths), Recurrent attacks of
abdominal pain Types ... autoimmune disease (lupus ... pruritus, urticaria, low ... mediated #Angioedema #allergy