28 results
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
RPGN has three primary ... staining): • Low ... Complement: Post-strep ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
EULAR/ACR Classification Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Clinical Domains:
 • Constitutional domain: Fever
 • Cutaneous domain: Non-scarring
EULAR/ACR Classification ... Erythematosus Clinical ... anticoagulant • Complement ... C3 or low C4, Low ... #EULARACR #Classification
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Hypoaldosteronism (Low ... or High Renin, Low ... Chronic heparin - Primary ... insufficiency - Critical ... Aldosterone #Comparison #Table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Ureterosigmoidostomy Urinary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification
Approach to Thyroid Function Tests in the Evaluation of Hyperthyroidism
 • Low TSH, Low normal T4
Hyperthyroidism • Low ... TSH, Low normal ... of pregnancy, critical ... T4 +/- T3 → Primary ... Hyperthyroidism #algorithm
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinical suspicion ... Baseline plasma ACTH Low ... baseline ACTH - Primary ... insufficiency • Low
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
often involved • Hypocomplementemic ... Urticaria and hypocomplementemia ... against MPO • Complement ... (Low levels mixed ... #rheumatology #classification
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
to 1:1 F:M • Clinical ... in >90% - Low ... complement - Rare ... complement - 50 ... sle #comparison #table
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... water intake (Primary ... polydipsia), Low ... differential #diagnosis #table