21 results
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Altitude sickness • Diuretic ... • Diagnosis of ... DDAVP) • Central diabetes ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Diabetes Insipidus vs Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH (SIADH) - Comparison Table

Diabetes Insipidus - Inadequate ADH
SIADH -
vs Syndrome of ... ) - Comparison Table ... SIADH #Comparison #Table ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome ... hypernatremia - Osmotic diuretic ... Classification #Features #Diagnosis ... #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Loop and thiazide diuretics ... - Uncontrolled diabetes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes #Workup
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... pseudohyponatremia • hyperglycemia ... volume loss - diuretics ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology
Clinical manifestations of acute liver failure 

Brain: 
Hepatic encephalopathy,  
Cerebral edema,  
Intracranial hypertension,
Seizures Kidney ... Hepatorenal syndrome ... metabolic function, Hypoglycemia ... liver #failure #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
- Differential Diagnosis ... /min) Osmotic Diuresis ... Osmolality • Hyperglycemia ... >50% - Proper kidney ... #Polyuria #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Normotensive - No diuretic ... of echogenic kidneys ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis