21 results
Pathophysiology Based Approach to Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Algorithm

Not the "classic" Volume based approach. 

#Hyponatremia #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology ... Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #Nephrology
Pathophysiology of hypotonic hyponatremia

by Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD

#hypotonic #hyponatremia #nephrology #algorithm #Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... #hypotonic #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... pseudohyponatremia • hyperglycemia ... renal failure #Hypernatremia ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Metabolic • Hypoglycemia ... • Hyperglycemia ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Provoked #Seizures #Neurology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
• Metabolic: Hypoglycemia ... , Hyperglycemia, ... Hyponatremia, Hypomagnesemia ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Table

 • Step 1: Correct for hyperglycemia. Corrected Na = [(glucose - 100)/
Hyponatremia Differential ... 1: Correct for hyperglycemia ... MatthewHoMD #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Table #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... : Hyperglycemia, ... irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... diagnosis #sodium #nephrology
BEHIND - Stroke Mimics Mnemonic
Brain: Mass, Hemorrhage, Contusion
Epilepsy: Post Ictal State, 
Hyponatremia, Hypogycemia
Intoxication, Infection
Neuro: Migraine, Multiple
Ictal State, Hyponatremia ... , Hypogycemia Intoxication ... Mnemonic #CVA #Neurology
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology ... depletion and hyperglycemia ... abnormalities, including hyperglycemia ... ketoacidosis, hyponatremia ... #Pathophysiology
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology ... SaltWasting #SIADH #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia #