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Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - ... Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Bartter syndrome and Gitelman ... , Familial hypomagnesemia ... Mitochondrial hypomagnesemia
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology Gitelman ... Hypermagnesuria, Hypomagnesemia ... dr_missyhanna #Gitelman
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... cotransporter • Gitelman's ... hypokalemia, mild hypomagnesemia ... potassium wasting) • Hypomagnesemia ... Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... Primary intestinal hypomagnesemia ... syndromes - Gitelman ... DrEricStrong #Hypomagnesemia
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... CNIs • Familial hypomagnesemia ... nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) • Gitelman's ... @kdjhaveri #Hypomagnesemia
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Medication • Hypomagnesemia ... tubular acidosis • Gitelman's
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypokalemia - Hypomagnesemia ... dr_missyhanna #Gitelman
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
loop/thiazide) • Hypomagnesemia ... • Barrter's/Gitelman's
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... syndrome, Hypomagnesemia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Renal K loss • Hypomagnesemia-induced ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's