11 results
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR)
 • Introduction
 • Classification
 • Pathophysiology of TAPVR
 • Presentation
Total Anomalous Pulmonary ... Classic “snowman sign ... Total #Anomalous #Pulmonary ... #cardiology #peds ... #pediatrics #summary
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
6th decades of life ... cough, dyspnea, fever ... Rare: pleural effusions ... Pneumonia #COP #BOOP #pulmonary ... ILD #diagnosis #management
Pediatric Elbow Injuries - Elbow Xrays

Check the fat pads on the lateral projection:
1. A displaced anterior
Pediatric Elbow ... fat pad (sail sign ... An effusion often ... Injuries #Xrays #Radiology ... #peds #Pediatrics
Severe Heart Failure & Cardiogenic Shock - Management Checklist 
Evaluation 
 - EKG & echocardiography
Cardiogenic Shock - Management ... and/or digoxin level ... 1 — Treat the lungs ... edema - Large effusion ... #Management
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
• CT: Halo sign ... phagocytic function of alveolar ... It's usually low if ... pneumonia, pleural effusion ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
space (pleural effusion ... disease, i.e. fluid ... The following signs ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #Edema
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
: weight gain, lung ... HFrEF may lack lung ... Kerley B lines, alveolar ... bilateral pleural effusions ... heartfailure #diagnosis #management
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
Amiodarone half life ... exudative pleural effusions ... Fever 4. ... macrophages in alveolar ... #diagnosis #management
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
or family - Ever ... murmur 3/6) - Pulmonary ... days before Pulmonary ... unless prior heart/lung ... medical and surgical management
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in the Neonate

WHY CPAP? 
• Maintain airway patency 
• Helps avoid alveoli
• Helps avoid alveoli ... wall • Improves lung ... auscultate for signs ... #ABCs #ABCDE #Peds ... #Pediatrics